Compared to 4G, 5G networks offer not only higher download speeds, with a peak speed of 10 gigabits per second but also substantially lower latency, enabling near-instantaneous communication through cellular base stations and antennae. There is one global unified 5G standard: 5G New Radio (5G NR) which has been developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project based on specifications defined by the International Telecommunication Union under the IMT-2020 requirements.
The demand for internet access, combined with the emergence of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Interne
t of Things (IoT), and automation, is driving a massive increase in the amount of data created. Data creation is growing exponentially, with volumes set to increase by several hundred zettabytes over the coming decade. The current mobile infrastructure was not designed for such a high information load and requires upgrading.
At the same time, with its high speed, massive capacity, and low latency, 5G could help to support and scale several applications like cloud-connected traffic control, drone delivery, video chatting, and console-quality gaming on the go. From global payments and emergency response to distance education and mobile workforc, the benefits and applications of 5G are limitless. It has the potential to transform the world of work, the global economy, and people's lives.
Compared to 4G, 5G networks offer not only higher download speeds, with a peak speed of 10 gigabits per second but also substantially lower latency, enabling near-instantaneous communication through cellular base stations and antennae. There is one global unified 5G standard: 5G New Radio (5G NR) which has been developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project based on specifications defined by the International Telecommunication Union under the IMT-2020 requirements.
fully autonomous cars have not been considered viable because of the length of time it takes for a vehicle to send and receive information. However, the low latency of 5G means we could see self-driving cars become more commonplace, with roads connected with transmitters and sensors that send and receive information to vehicles in 1/1,000 of a second. The reduced time is critical for AI and radar technology to interpret what they see (other cars, pedestrians, stop signs) and control the car accordingly.
In telecommunications, 5G is the "fifth generation" of cellular network technology, as the successor to the fourth generation (4G), and has been deployed by mobile operators worldwide since 2019.
5G networks are cellular networks,[5] in which the service area is divided into small geographical areas called cells. All 5G wireless devices in a cell communicate by radio waves with a cellular base station via fixed antennas, over frequencies assigned by the base station. The base stations, termed nodes, are connected to switching centers in the telephone network and routers for Internet access by high-bandwidth optical fiber or wireless back haul connections. As in other cellular networks, a mobile device moving from one cell to another is automatically handed off seamlessly.
The industry consortium setting standards for 5G, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project, defines "5G" as any system using 5G NR software—a definition that came into general use by late 2018. 5G continues to use OFDM encoding.
Several network operators use millimeter waves or mm Wave called FR2 in 5G terminology, for additional capacity and higher through puts. Millimeter waves have a shorter range than the lower frequency microwaves, therefore the cells are of a smaller size. Millimeter waves also have more trouble passing through building walls and humans. Millimeter-wave antennas are smaller than the large antennas used in previous cellular networks. The increased data rate is achieved partly by using additional higher-frequency radio waves in addition to the low- and medium-band frequencies used in previous cellular networks. For providing a wide range of services, 5G networks can operate in three frequency bands—low, medium or high.
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